前言：最近网站访问非常慢,cpu占用非常高,服务器负载整体也非常高,打开日志发现有很多不知名的蜘蛛一直在爬行我的站点,根据经验肯定是这里的问题,,于是根据我的情况写了规则做了屏蔽,屏蔽后负载降下来了,下面整理下iis及nginx及apache环境下如何屏蔽不知名的蜘蛛ua。
注意（请根据自己的情况调整删除或增加ua信息,我提供的规则中包含了不常用的蜘蛛ua,几乎用不着,若您的网站比较特殊,需要不同的蜘蛛爬取,建议仔细分析规则,将指定ua删除即可）



屏蔽后的效果




1、我网站是nginx,下面是我的屏蔽规则,将规则添加到配置文件的server段里面,当这些蜘蛛来抓取时会返回444；

if ($http_user_agent ~ "DotBot|MegaIndex|MegaIndex.ru|BLEXBot|Qwantify|qwantify|semrush|Semrush|serpstatbot|hubspot|python|Bytespider|Go-http-client|Java|PhantomJS|SemrushBot|Scrapy|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|mail.RU|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu|^$" )
{
  return 444;
}

2、IIS7/IIS8/IIS10及以上web服务请在网站根目录下创建web.config文件,并写入如下代码即可;

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.webServer>
        <rewrite>
            <rules>
                <rule name="Block spider">
                    <match url="(^robots.txt$)" ignoreCase="false" negate="true" />
                    <conditions>
                        <add input="{HTTP_USER_AGENT}" pattern="DotBot|MegaIndex|MegaIndex.ru|BLEXBot|Qwantify|qwantify|semrush|Semrush|serpstatbot|hubspot|python|Bytespider|Go-http-client|Java|PhantomJS|SemrushBot|Scrapy|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|mail.RU|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu|^$"
                            ignoreCase="true" />
                    </conditions>
                    <action type="AbortRequest" />
                </rule>
            </rules>
        </rewrite>
    </system.webServer>
</configuration>

3、IIS6请在isapi重写组件中添加规则

#Block spider
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} (DotBot|MegaIndex|MegaIndex.ru|BLEXBot|Qwantify|qwantify|semrush|Semrush|serpstatbot|hubspot|python|Bytespider|Go-http-client|Java|PhantomJS|SemrushBot|Scrapy|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|mail.RU|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu|^$) [NC]
RewriteRule !(^/robots.txt$) - [F]

4、apache请在.htaccess文件中添加如下规则即可：

<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
    RewriteEngine On
    #Block spider
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} "DotBot|MegaIndex|MegaIndex.ru|BLEXBot|Qwantify|qwantify|semrush|Semrush|serpstatbot|hubspot|python|Bytespider|Go-http-client|Java|PhantomJS|SemrushBot|Scrapy|Webdup|AcoonBot|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|EdisterBot|EC2LinkFinder|jikespider|Purebot|MJ12bot|WangIDSpider|WBSearchBot|Wotbox|xbfMozilla|Yottaa|YandexBot|Jorgee|SWEBot|spbot|TurnitinBot-Agent|mail.RU|perl|Python|Wget|Xenu|ZmEu|^$" [NC]
    RewriteRule !(^robots\.txt$) - [F]
</IfModule>

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